本站讯(通讯员张雪艳) 3月27日上午10:00，我院核工程与核技术系在西四楼306召开了能源学院核工系第一期铭师讲堂。会议由核工程与核技术系主办，华中科技大学核协会承办。
嘉宾为Pierre Désesquelles博士。核工系杨军教授、徐乐瑾副教授、杨章灿副教授以及能源学院核工系学生，工程热物理专业学生，物理学院学生与会。
主讲嘉宾Pierre Désesquelles博士，于格勒诺布尔国立理工学院（INP Grenoble）的工程学位、核物理与粒子物理医学博士学位、核物理博士学位（1991）；曾在格勒诺布尔大学的亚原子物理与宇宙学实验室（LPSC Lab）和卡昂的大型重离子国家加速器(GANIL)任副教授，现在是巴黎第十一大学的特级正教授；同时是法国、欧盟委员会、美国、俄罗斯等众多专家委员会成员，现任奥赛科学院（the Orsay Faculty of Sciences）国际关系主管。Désesquelles教授同时在全世界多个大学授课：Grenoble、Krakow Jagellonian、Maine、Hanoi Nat.、Paris-Sud、Ecole Centrale、Supélec、IOGS、Bordeaux I at Hanoi、USTH、Tomsk Polytech。Désesquelles教授创立了两个法国硕士学位：加拿大魁北克大学 “物理和环境”学位、“物理建模和仪器仪表”学位；还在俄罗斯和意大利创立了“环境研究”和“物理学”两个国际双硕士学位。上世纪90年代，Désesquelles教授领导格勒诺布尔的核反应机制小组获得了法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)铜牌，开发的Menate代码，在中子检测方面是全球的典范；在奥赛（Orsay）时他转向碎片化（随机图，分子，蚁穴）的理论研究，并出版了一本关于马尔科夫过程的书，领导了AGATA欧洲下一代伽马射线探测器的PSA团队。Désesquelles教授目前的主要研究课题是污染物分子的分裂，他所开发的一个通用理论模型可预测分子的碎裂产率与其激发能的函数关系。
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Nuclear fragmentation theory applied to the breakup of pollutant molecule
Pierre Désesquelles, born in 1963, has obtained an engineering degree from INP Grenoble together with a M.D. in Nuclear and Particle Physics, a Ph.D. in Nuclear Physics (1991) and an accreditation to supervise research. After being an associate at Grenoble Univ. (LPSC lab.) and at Caen (GANIL), he is now full professor (exceptional class) at Univ. Paris-Sud. In the ’90, he led the Nuclear Reaction Mechanism group in Grenoble and was awarded the CNRS bronze medal. He developed the Menate code, which is a reference over the world for neutron detection. In Orsay, he turned to theoretical works on fragmentation (random graphs, molecules, termite nests) and published a book on Markov processes. He led the PSA team of the AGATA European next generation gamma ray detector. His main research topic is presently the fragmentation of pollutant molecules. He has developed a general theoretical model that predict the fragmentation yields of molecules as a function of their excitation energy. He was awarded the medals of the University of Ferrara (Italy) and of the Polytechnic University of Tomsk (Russia). He gave lectures in different universities in the world: Grenoble, Krakow Jagellonian, Maine, Hanoi Nat., Paris-Sud, Ecole Centrale, Supélec, IOGS, Bordeaux I at Hanoi, USTH, Tomsk Polytech. He founded and headed two French master degrees: “Physique and Environment” (with Quebec University, Canada) and “Modeling and Instrumentation for Physics” and two international dual master degrees in “Environmental studies” with Russia and in Physics with Italy. He is member of a large number of expert comities in France, for the European Commission, in the US, Russia, etc. He is now head of International Relations for the Orsay Faculty of Sciences.
讲座摘要：One promising way to reduce on a large scale the emission of pollutants such as hydrocarbons and VOCs consists in fragmenting these molecules into smaller less-polluting molecules. An economical way, spending as little energy as possible, is by passing the pollutant flux through a so-called cold plasma. Nevertheless, as chemistry is mostly the science of building molecules, the understanding of the way an excited molecule will decay by fragmentation is still an ongoing task.
In the ’90, nuclear physicists have deeply investigated experimentally and theoretically, the fragmentation of nuclei. One of the main goals was to describe the phase transition from evaporation to multifragmentation. In the field of nuclear reactors, these studies have also permitted a better understanding of the fission mechanism and of the per-equilibrium and spallation emissions of neutrons. The resulting theoretical schemes have then been adapted to other finite-isolated-excited systems. We have redefined the MMC model, which has been shown to produce reliable predictions of nuclear, metallic clusters and carbon clusters fragmentations, to describe molecular fragmentation. The new model now predicts the fragmentation yields for any kind of molecules, as a function of the excitation energy. Its predictions for propane and acetone are compared to plasma results.
